I kēia manawa, ʻo ka hoʻohana ʻenehana o ka pila lithium i ka mālama ikehu e kālele nui ana i nā kahua o ka lako mana kūmau kikowaena pūnaewele, ka ʻōnaehana mālama optical home, nā kaʻa uila a me nā kikowaena hoʻouka, nā mea hana uila, nā lako keʻena home a me nā kahua ʻē aʻe. I ka wā o ka Hoʻolālā ʻElima Makahiki 13, e alakaʻi ka mākeke mālama ikehu o Kina i ke kahua o nā pono lehulehu, me ka komo ʻana mai ka ʻaoʻao hana mana a me ka hoʻouna ʻana i ka ʻaoʻao mea hoʻohana. Wahi a ka ʻikepili, ʻo ka nui o ka noi o ka mākeke mālama ikehu o ka pila lithium i ka makahiki 2017 ma kahi o 5.8gwh, a e hoʻomau ka piʻi ʻana o ka mākeke o ka pila lithium-ion i kēlā me kēia makahiki i ka makahiki 2018.

Wahi a nā hiʻohiʻona noi, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā pila lithium-ion i ka hoʻohana ʻana, ka mana a me ka mālama ʻana i ka ikehu. I kēia manawa, ua mahalo nui ʻia ka pila lithium mana a me ka pila lithium mālama ikehu i ka ʻoihana. Wahi a ka wānana a nā loea mana, manaʻo ʻia e piʻi ka hapa o ka pila lithium mana ma nā noi āpau o ka pila lithium ma Kina i 70% ma ka makahiki 2020, a e lilo ka pila mana i mea nui o ka pila lithium. E lilo ka pila lithium mana i mea nui o ka pila lithium.

ʻO ka wikiwiki o ka ulu ʻana o ka ʻoihana pākahiko lithium ma muli nui o ke kulekele e hoʻolaha ana i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka ʻoihana kaʻa ikehu hou. I ʻApelila 2017, ua ʻōlelo pū ke Kuhina o ka ʻoihana a me ka ʻenehana ʻike o ka Repubalika o Kina ma ka "hoʻolālā hoʻomohala waena a lōʻihi o ka ʻoihana kaʻa" hou loa e hiki i ka hana ʻana a me ke kūʻai aku ʻana o nā kaʻa ikehu hou i 2 miliona i ka makahiki 2020, a ʻo nā kaʻa ikehu hou e helu no ka ʻoi aku ma mua o 20% o ka hana ʻana a me ke kūʻai aku ʻana o nā kaʻa ma ka makahiki 2025. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia e lilo nā ʻoihana ikehu hou a me ka mālama ʻana i ka ikehu ʻōmaʻomaʻo a me nā ʻoihana palekana kaiapuni ʻē aʻe i mau ʻoihana kia koʻikoʻi o ke kaiāulu i ka wā e hiki mai ana.

I ke au o ka ʻenehana pākaukau mana i ka wā e hiki mai ana, ke lilo nei ka ternary i mea nui. Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā pākaukau lithium cobalt oxide, lithium iron phosphate a me nā pākaukau lithium manganese dioxide, loaʻa i ka pākaukau lithium ternary nā ʻano o ka nui o ka ikehu, ke kahua uila kiʻekiʻe, ka nui o ka piula wai, ka hana pōʻaiapuni maikaʻi, ke kūpaʻa electrochemical a pēlā aku. Loaʻa iā ia nā pono maopopo i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka laulā o nā kaʻa ikehu hou. I ka manawa like, loaʻa iā ia nā pono o ka mana hoʻopuka kiʻekiʻe, ka hana mahana haʻahaʻa maikaʻi, a hiki ke hoʻololi i ka mahana o nā ʻano āpau. No nā kaʻa uila, ʻaʻohe kānalua e hopohopo nei ka hapa nui o nā mea kūʻai aku e pili ana i kona ahonui a me ka palekana, a ʻo ka pākaukau lithium-ion he koho maikaʻi aʻe.

Me ka piʻi wikiwiki ʻana o ke koi no nā kaʻa uila, ua piʻi nui ke koi no ka pākahi lithium-ion mana, ʻo ia ka mea i lilo i mea nui e hoʻokele nei i ka ulu ʻana o ka ʻoihana pākahi lithium-ion. He huahana paʻakikī loa ka pākahi lithium. Ua hānau ʻia i nā makahiki 1980 a ua lōʻihi ka ua a me ka hana hou ʻana o ka ʻenehana. I ka manawa like, ʻaʻohe mea nui ke kaʻina hana a luku paha o ka pākahi lithium, ʻaʻole ia e hōʻino nui i ke kaiapuni, ʻoi aku ka kūlike me nā koi o ka hoʻomohala kaiāulu o kēia manawa. No laila, ua lilo ka pākahi lithium i mea nui o ka hanauna hou o ka ikehu. I ka wā waena, ʻo ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka ʻenehana halihali o kēia manawa ke kumu o ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka ʻenehana noi honua. Ma ke ʻano he huahana kākoʻo koʻikoʻi no ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka ʻenehana halihali, manaʻo ʻia e loaʻa ka hoʻomohala nui ʻana o ka pākahi lithium mana i nā makahiki 3-5 e hiki mai ana.